Monday, October 23, 2023

Insight: The Hebrew Word for Violence is חָמָס "ḥāmaś"

 

Johnathan Cahn: http://www.hopeoftheworld.org/

The Hebrew word חָמָס "ḥāmaś" and is commonly transliterated as חָמָס "hamas" is a noun that is generally translated into English as "violence," "wrong," or "injustice." The root of this word is ח-מ-ס (ḥ-m-s), and it is a term that encapsulates various forms of wrongdoing, social injustice, and physical violence. The term appears in the Masoretic Text of the Old Testament in several books, including the Torah, the Historical Books, Wisdom Literature, and the Prophets. It is used in various contexts to describe social, moral, or physical violence and is often associated with wickedness or sinful behavior.

The word appears in several passages throughout the Old Testament. For example, in Genesis 6:11, the text states, "Now the earth was corrupt in God's sight, and the earth was filled with violence "ḥāmaś" (ESV). Here, "ḥāmaś" is indicative of the moral and social decay that led to God's decision to bring about the Flood. Another example can be found in Psalm 11:5, which states, "The Lord tests the righteous, but his soul hates the wicked and the one who loves violence (ḥāmaś)" (ESV).

The word ḥāmaś is also used in prophetic literature to condemn social injustice and moral corruption. For instance, in Amos 3:10, the prophet says, "They do not know how to do right, declares the Lord, those who store up violence (ḥāmaś) and robbery in their strongholds" (ESV). Here, the word is associated with social injustice and is indicative of the moral failings of the people.

The word ḥāmaś appears in several passages throughout the Old Testament. For example, in Genesis 6:11, the text states, "Now the earth was corrupt in God's sight, and the earth was filled with violence (ḥāmaś)" (ESV). Here, "ḥāmaś" is indicative of the moral and social decay that led to God's decision to bring about the Flood. Another example can be found in Psalm 11:5, which states, "The Lord tests the righteous, but his soul hates the wicked and the one who loves violence (ḥāmaś)" (ESV).

The term is also used in prophetic literature to condemn social injustice and moral corruption. For instance, in Amos 3:10, the prophet says, "They do not know how to do right, declares the Lord, those who store up violence (ḥāmaś) and robbery in their strongholds" (ESV). Here, ḥāmaś is associated with social injustice and is indicative of the moral failings of the people.

Here is a list of Old Testament verses where the term חמָס "ḥāmaś" appears:

Genesis 6:11 - "Now the earth was corrupt in God's sight, and the earth was filled with violence (חָמָס)."

Genesis 6:13 - "And God said to Noah, 'I have determined to make an end of all flesh, for the earth is filled with violence (חָמָס) through them. Behold, I will destroy them with the earth.'"

Genesis 49:5 - "Simeon and Levi are brothers; weapons of violence (חָמָס) are their swords."

Exodus 23:1 - "You shall not spread a false report. You shall not join hands with a wicked man to be a malicious witness."

Leviticus 19:16 - "You shall not go around as a slanderer among your people, and you shall not stand up against the life of your neighbor: I am the Lord."

Judges 9:24 - "that the violence (חָמָס) done to the seventy sons of Jerubbaal might come, and their blood be laid on Abimelech their brother, who killed them, and on the men of Shechem, who strengthened his hands to kill his brothers."

2 Samuel 22:3 - "my God, my rock, in whom I take refuge, my shield, and the horn of my salvation, my stronghold and my refuge, my savior; you save me from violence (חָמָס)."

Job 16:17 - "yet my hands have been free of violence (חָמָס) and my prayer is pure."

Psalm 7:16 - "His mischief returns upon his own head, and on his own skull his violence (חָמָס) descends."

Psalm 11:5 - "The Lord tests the righteous, but his soul hates the wicked and the one who loves violence (חָמָס)."

Psalm 18:48 - "who delivered me from my enemies; yes, you exalted me above those who rose against me; you rescued me from the man of violence (חָמָס)."

Psalm 25:19 - "Consider how many are my foes, and with what violent hatred (חָמָס) they hate me."

Psalm 27:12 - "Give me not up to the will of my adversaries; for false witnesses have risen against me, and they breathe out violence (חָמָס)."

Psalm 55:9 - "Destroy, O Lord, divide their tongues; for I see violence (חָמָס) and strife in the city."

Psalm 58:2 - "No, in your hearts you devise wrongs; your hands deal out violence (חָמָס) on earth."

Psalm 64:2 - "Hide me from the secret plots of the wicked, from the throng of evildoers."

Psalm 72:14 - "From oppression and violence (חָמָס) he redeems their life, and precious is their blood in his sight."

Psalm 73:6 - "Therefore pride is their necklace; violence (חָמָס) covers them as a garment."

Psalm 74:20 - "Have regard for the covenant, for the dark places of the land are full of the habitations of violence (חָמָס)."

Psalm 140:1 - "Deliver me, O Lord, from evil men; preserve me from violent (חָמָס) men."

Proverbs 10:6 - "Blessings are on the head of the righteous, but the mouth of the wicked conceals violence (חָמָס)."

Proverbs 10:11 - "The mouth of the righteous is a fountain of life, but the mouth of the wicked conceals violence (חָמָס)."

Proverbs 16:29 - "A man of violence (חָמָס) entices his neighbor and leads him in a way that is not good."

Isaiah 53:9 - "And they made his grave with the wicked and with a rich man in his death, although he had done no violence (חָמָס), and there was no deceit in his mouth."

Isaiah 60:18 - "Violence (חָמָס) shall no more be heard in your land, devastation or destruction within your borders; you shall call your walls Salvation, and your gates Praise."

Jeremiah 6:7 - "As a well keeps its water fresh, so she keeps fresh her evil; violence (חָמָס) and destruction are heard within her; sickness and wounds are ever before me."

Ezekiel 7:11 - "Violence (חָמָס) has grown up into a rod of wickedness. None of them shall remain, nor their abundance, nor their wealth; neither shall there be preeminence among them."

Ezekiel 8:17 - "Then he said to me, 'Have you seen this, O son of man? Is it too light a thing for the house of Judah to commit the abominations that they commit here, that they should fill the land with violence (חָמָס) and provoke me still further to anger?'"

Ezekiel 12:19 - "And say to the people of the land, Thus says the Lord God concerning the inhabitants of Jerusalem in the land of Israel: They shall eat their bread with anxiety, and drink water in dismay. In this way her land will be stripped of all it contains, on account of the violence (חָמָס) of all those who dwell in it."

Ezekiel 28:16 - "In the abundance of your trade you were filled with violence (חָמָס) in your midst, and you sinned; so I cast you as a profane thing from the mountain of God, and I destroyed you, O guardian cherub, from the midst of the stones of fire."

Ezekiel 45:9 - "Thus says the Lord God: Enough, O princes of Israel! Put away violence (חָמָס) and oppression, and execute justice and righteousness."

Amos 3:10 - "They do not know how to do right,' declares the Lord, 'those who store up violence (חָמָס) and robbery in their strongholds.'"

Amos 6:3 - "O you who put far away the day of disaster and bring near the seat of violence (חָמָס)."

Micah 6:12 - "Your rich men are full of violence (חָמָס); your inhabitants speak lies, and their tongue is deceitful in their mouth."

Habakkuk 1:2-3 - "O Lord, how long shall I cry for help, and you will not hear? Or cry to you 'Violence!' (חָמָס) and you will not save? Why do you make me see iniquity, and why do you idly look at wrong?"

Habakkuk 1:9 - "They all come for violence (חָמָס), all their faces forward. They gather captives like sand."

Zephaniah 1:9 - "On that day I will punish everyone who leaps over the threshold, and those who fill their master's house with violence (חָמָס) and fraud."

Malachi 2:16 - "For the man who does not love his wife but divorces her, says the Lord, the God of Israel, covers his garment with violence (חָמָס), says the Lord of hosts. So guard yourselves in your spirit, and do not be faithless."

charles.l.jewell.jr@gmail.com

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